Main (Thompson) Library location: South wing -- First window. Valentin Fernandez (c.14-- – c.1519) was born in Moravia, but spent most of his life in Lisbon, where he pursued a career as a printer and translator. In 1495, he printed a Portuguese edition of Vita Christi with fellow printer Nicolaus de Saxonia by the order of Queen Eleanor of Viseu. Throughout his career, Fernandez printed primarily religious works, as well as a number of legislative documents for the city of Lisbon. In addition to his work as a printer, he created a series of maps and corresponding documents providing detailed descriptions of Africa, both geographical and historical. Fernandez also took great interest in woodcuts made for species studies; letter correspondences show interactions between Fernandez and Albrecht Dürer regarding Dürer's Rhinoceros. In 1518, Fernandez printed the last book attributed to his press, an edition of Andrés de Li's Repertorio dos tiempos. It appears that after his death, his press materials and typesets were sold to Germão Galharde, a native of France who printed in Portugal for many years. Fernandez was probably the first in Lisbon to develop a printer's mark. The mark itself, displayed in the Vassar Library, consists of an uppercase V, from the vertex of which extends a decorative staff with a crosslet at the tip. In his full devices, Fernandez affixed this symbol to a shield supported by a two-tailed lion, emblematic of his native Moravia. Below the shield is a banner bearing a Hellenized version of the name of Jesus. At the foot of this rearing lion is one of the Holy Wounds of Christ, the elliptical side wound, from which drops of blood pour to the ground.