Printers' marks--Europe

Main (Thompson) Library location: South wing -- First window. Valentin Fernandez (c.14-- – c.1519) was born in Moravia, but spent most of his life in Lisbon, where he pursued a career as a printer and translator. In 1495, he printed a Portuguese edition of Vita Christi with fellow printer Nicolaus

Main (Thompson) Library location: North wing -- First window. The son of a resident of Leipzig, Valentin Schumann (c. 14-- – 1542) began printing in 1514, the year he produced Johannes Reuchlin's Phorcensis Scenica Progymnasmata. His early works demonstrate a focus on classical and humanist

Main (Thompson) Library location: South wing -- First window. Walter Chepman (c. 1471 – 1528) was born circa 1471 in Ayr, Scotland and moved to Edinburgh in 1493, where he pursued a career as a merchant alongside Andrew Halyburton. He concurrently began his career as a notary to the royal household

Main (Thompson) Library location: Class of '51 Reading Room. William Caxton (c. 1422 - c. 1492) was born in Kent and, by 1438, was apprenticed to a mercer in London. He eventually settled in Bruges, where his business prospered. In 1463, he became Governor of the English Nation of Merchant

Main (Thompson) Library location: Class of '51 Reading Room. Wygand Koeln (c. 14-- - c.15--) was active in Geneva as early as 1520, when he printed his first known work, Missale Parvum for Gabriel Pomard, a printer and publisher in Geneva. During Koeln's career, Geneva was becoming a place of refuge

Main (Thompson) Library location: End window -- North wing. While much of his early life remains unknown, it is clear that Wynkyn de Worde (c.14-- – 1534) emigrated from his supposed home in the region of Alsace-Lorraine and began printing in England toward the end of the 15th century, primarily